{"id":1808,"date":"2024-01-17T04:22:19","date_gmt":"2024-01-17T04:22:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bankfin.unipi.gr\/mastersbankfin\/?post_type=courses&#038;p=1808"},"modified":"2024-01-23T02:57:45","modified_gmt":"2024-01-23T02:57:45","slug":"econometrics-and-introduction-to-r","status":"publish","type":"courses","link":"https:\/\/bankfin.unipi.gr\/mastersbankfin\/en\/courses\/econometrics-and-introduction-to-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Econometrics and Introduction to R"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1808\" class=\"elementor elementor-1808\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a092a0 e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6a092a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;,&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15e75ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"15e75ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 29-01-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Econometrics and Introduction to R<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f7b1a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f7b1a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 29-01-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #ffc747;\"><b>Full Time<\/b><\/span>\/\/ 1st Semester, Course Code: <strong>\u039c\u0395\u03a7\u03a1\u0397329<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #00ffff;\"><strong>Part Time<\/strong><\/span> \/\/ 2nd Semester, Course Code: <strong>\u039c\u0395\u03a7\u03a1\u0397-\u039c329<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Credits:<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>6<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc84efa e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bc84efa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cc319f elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"3cc319f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6370\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6370\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h4 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Course Description in .pdf <\/h4><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6370\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13e3dd2 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13e3dd2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82a6dd5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"82a6dd5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Full Time Course Description (Greek)<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5552898 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5552898\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Full Time Course Description (English)<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec33ee7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ec33ee7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Part Time Course Description (Greek)<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ced8b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7ced8b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Part Time Course Description (English)<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18212a0 e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18212a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c557315 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c557315\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23a977f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"23a977f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Learning Outcomes<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a87d71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a87d71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Upon successful completion of the course, the student<\/p>\n<p>(a) will know the fundamental assumptions for the application of the linear model and its estimation by the method of least squares, but also by alternative methods,<\/p>\n<p>(b) will be able to interpret the estimated parameters of the linear model as well when the logarithm of an explanatory or dependent variable is used. It will also be able to draw conclusions from the standard tables produced by econometric software packages,<\/p>\n<p>(c) will be aware of the effects of violating the classical assumptions, such as when there is heteroscedasticity, multicollinearity or when an explanatory variable has been omitted,<\/p>\n<p>(d) will be able to test for heteroscedasticity and know how to deal with it;<\/p>\n<p>(e) will be able to use dummy variables and interpret the estimated coefficients,<\/p>\n<p>(f) will know the purpose and basic properties of important non-linear models (probit, logit),<\/p>\n<p>(g) will know the basic principles of the Instrumental Variables method for treating the problem of endogeneity,<\/p>\n<p>(h) will have acquired a basic familiarity with the R language and will know its basic functions, which are needed data processing, and be able to use R in applications of the taught econometric methods<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b48844 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6b48844\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">General Competences<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6b899 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6b899\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Within the framework of the combined skills that the graduate will acquire by attending all the courses of the study program, this course aims at the graduate to acquire abilities:<\/p>\n<p>(a) in the search for, analysis and synthesis of data and information, with the use of the necessary technology,<\/p>\n<p>(b) in decision-making<\/p>\n<p>(c) in working independently<\/p>\n<p>(d) to promote free, creative and inductive thinking<\/p>\n<p>(e) in exercising criticism and self-criticism<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-920d0a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"920d0a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Course Content<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-452e9a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"452e9a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The course focuses on the following sections:<\/p>\n<p>1) Introduction to Linear Regression<\/p>\n<p>The nature of Econometrics<\/p>\n<p>The statistical generating mechanism and regression models.<\/p>\n<p>Linear regression models, simple regression models, the classic multiple regression model.<\/p>\n<p>The Simple Linear Regression Model<\/p>\n<p>2) The classic assumptions.<\/p>\n<p>Least squares estimators, sample moments estimators, method of moments.<\/p>\n<p>Properties of estimators, Gauss-Markov theorem, distributions of estimators.<\/p>\n<p>Multiple Regression Analysis<\/p>\n<p>3) The case of k independent variables<\/p>\n<p>Interpreting the least squares regression equation<\/p>\n<p>Expected value and variance of least squares estimators<\/p>\n<p>Hypothesis testing and confidence intervals<\/p>\n<p>Checking multiple linear constraints<\/p>\n<p>Asymptotic properties of least squares: Consistency and efficiency of estimators<\/p>\n<p>Consequences of multicollinearity<\/p>\n<p>Heteroscedasticity<\/p>\n<p>4) Implications for the least squares estimator<\/p>\n<p>Heteroscedasticity &#8220;robust&#8221; inference<\/p>\n<p>Testing for Heteroscedasticity<\/p>\n<p>Weighted and Generalized Least Squares<\/p>\n<p>5) Regression Analysis with Qualitative Information: binary (or dummy) variables<\/p>\n<p>Regression with one dummy (binary) variable<\/p>\n<p>Dummy variables for multiple categories<\/p>\n<p>A binomial dependent variable: the linear probability model<\/p>\n<p>6) Special issues<\/p>\n<p>The Probit and Logit models<\/p>\n<p>Endogeneity and the method of Instrumental Variables<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>During the course there will be an introduction to the R language and the use of the RStudio interface, including:<\/p>\n<p>Basic R functions for data manipulation<\/p>\n<p>Examples are presented using the appropriate R functions for regression analysis, according to the course outline.<br \/>\nSpecial emphasis is placed on the interpretation of the results obtained from the use of these functions.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71b87d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"71b87d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Student Performance Evaluation<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c06d49e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c06d49e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Formative and conclusive evaluation is carried out. The final evaluation of the students is done by a written exam or an oral exam. It is based on problem solving, short-answer questions and open-ended questions.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0db288 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f0db288\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliography<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b94a6f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b94a6f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Suggested Bibliography<\/strong><\/p><ul>\n<li>Tutor\u2019s Notes<\/li>\n<li>Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach, 6<sup>th<\/sup> edition (J. Woodrifge) \u2013 Greek edition, Papazisis ed.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Related Academic Journals<\/strong><\/p><ul>\n<li>Econometric Reviews, Econometric Theory<\/li>\n<li>Journal of Econometrics<\/li>\n<li>Journal of Applied Econometrics<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9269a1b e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9269a1b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df39710 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df39710\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Master of Science (M.Sc.) in<br \/>\u00abBanking and Finance\u00bb<\/strong><br \/>Specialization in <br \/>\u00abBanking and Financial Management\u00bb<br \/><br \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-027c2f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"027c2f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Courses<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6126b77 hfe-nav-menu__breakpoint-none hfe-nav-menu__align-left hfe-submenu-icon-arrow hfe-submenu-animation-none hfe-link-redirect-child elementor-widget elementor-widget-navigation-menu\" data-id=\"6126b77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" 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